The time for universal health insurance coverage has come. Everybody
seems to know that -- except for the Republicans, all too many of whom
cling to traditional denunciations of universal coverage as socialism.
Senate Finance Committee Chairman Max Baucus has been holding talks with Republican lawmakers over the past week, and all signs point to opposition from the GOP.
But
for the welfare of the country and their political party, Republicans
should, instead, seize the lesson of Nixon's trip to China. With one
brilliant foray, Nixon converted the massive threat posed by the
isolated China into an asset, secured a favorable mention in history,
and stripped the Democrats of a key issue. By embracing their own brand
of universal health coverage, Republicans can do the same.
There's a massive constituency behind the policy. Buffeted by the
recession and the threat of losing their employer-provided health
insurance, the American people want universal coverage. Much of the US
business community wants it too. CEOs rarely say "Know what I love
about my job? Buying health care." The chore is so unrewarding --
corporate buyers have failed to create effective cost or quality
improvements -- that many small business CEOs simply skip it. As a
result, millions distort the efficient allocation of labor in our
economy by opting for jobs in dying, big companies that offer health
insurance, rather than productive ones in small companies that do not.
Furthermore, our employer-based health insurance system forces American
businesses to pack our massive health care costs -- about 70 percent
greater as a share of GDP than other countries' -- into the cost of
their exports, a huge albatross in a globally competitive economy.
The Republicans can do a Nixon-goes-to-China by offering a better
version of universal coverage. There is, after all, substantial concern
about the Democrats' reliance on universal coverage through a
government-controlled system like Medicare. Some distrust government's
ability to make good on its promises. Medicare currently owes $36
trillion in services to those who paid for its use when they hit 65.
Have you seen a spare $36 trillion hanging around? (For perspective,
that amount is equivalent to about three years of US GDP.)
Another concern is that government will control costs by rationing
health care to the sick. The government-controlled UK health care
system, for example, has the lowest uptake of cancer drugs among the
five biggest European economies and correspondingly low cancer survival
rates. Concerns about rationing are not demagoguery. How else can a
government control costs? Many experts dismiss as wishful thinking the
Democrats' claims of achieving efficiency by implementing dazzling
information technology and other technocratic tools. And because the
truly sick constitute only 20 percent of health-care users, but account
for 80 percent of health-care costs, they may as well wear a bull's eye
on their backs: they are a politically vulnerable target for cost
control through rationing.
Transforming the government into a monopolistic buyer of health care
will also affect the supply of doctors. All too many doctors, saddled
with massive educational debts, refuse to see Medicaid patients because
they are pay so little. But if government were the only payer, some
prospective physicians, facing the prospect of incomes totally
controlled by the government, would reluctantly enter other professions.
Finally, a government-controlled system would likely impair the
medically and economically important genomic sector. US venture
capitalists have provided billions for research that may provide cures
or even preventions for genetically linked diseases. Kiss that money --
and the important personalized medicine industry it could create --
goodbye under a system of government-controlled universal coverage.
Venture capitalists will find it too risky to invest in markets where
one payer controls prices.
The Republicans could instead offer a consumer-controlled universal
coverage system, like that in Switzerland, in which the people, not the
government, control how much they spend on health. There are no
government health insurance programs. Instead, the Swiss choose from
about 85 private heath insurers. Rather than being stuffed into the
degrading Medicaid program, the Swiss poor shop for health insurance
like everyone else, using funds transferred to them by the government.
The sick are not discriminated against either -- they pay the same
prices as everyone else in their demographic category. Like the US,
Switzerland is a confederation of states that, as in the US, oversee
the insurance system. Enforcement by the tax authorities has produced
99 percent enrollment.
This consumer-driven, universal coverage system provides excellent
health care for the sick, tops the world in consumer satisfaction, and
costs 40 percent less, as a percentage of GDP, than the system in the
US. The Swiss could spend even less by choosing cheaper, high
deductible health insurance policies, but they have opted against doing
so. Swiss consumers reward insurers that offer the best value for the
money. These competitive pressures cause Swiss insurers to spend only
about 5 percent on general and administrative expenses, as compared to
12-15 percent in the US. And unlike Medicare, the private Swiss firms
must function without incurring massive unfunded liabilities.
Competition has also pushed Swiss providers to be more efficient than
those in the US. Yet they remain well-compensated.
We can also learn from the mistakes made by the Swiss. For example,
they pay providers for fragmented care, rather than for integrated
treatments for diseases or disabilities. The Swiss sustain an
inefficient hospital sector, and they aren't transparent about the cost
and quality of providers.
Republicans could enact Swiss-style universal coverage by enabling
employees to cash out of their employer-sponsored health insurance.
(Although many view employer-sponsored health insurance as a" free"
benefit, it is money that would otherwise be paid as income.) The
substantial sums involved would command attention and gratitude: a 2006
cash out would have yielded $12,000 -- the average cost of
employer-sponsored health insurance -- thus raising the income of joint
filers who earn less than $73,000 (90 percent of all filers) by at
least 16 percent. Employees could remain in with an employer's plan or
use this new income to buy their own health insurance.
The Republican choice is clear. They can whine while the Democratic
Congress enacts a government-controlled system, or they can embrace a
Republican approach to Universal Coverage.







The Swiss system is the most expensive system in Europe per capita, and costs there are increasing at a faster rate than in surrounding countries. If the Swiss model were implemented here, it was cost much, much more. We are less healthy and less wealthy per capita. Directly implementing the Swiss model here, which subsidizes health insurance to the extent that no one pays more than 10% of their income in deductibles, would greatly inflate the $36 trillion problem that you talk about, not reduce it. There are only a few ways to meet that problem without reducing the quality of healthcare for Americans (an individual mandate and a mandated standard of care help -- both are in the Swiss system).
As far as the genomic industry goes, I've yet to see a compelling argument as to why America should subsidize drug development for the entire world by paying substantially higher prices for the same drugs and the same procedures. In Switzerland, drug prices are negotiated by the government: http://healthcare.change.org/blog/view/swiping_ideas_from_the_swiss ... why in the world should individual Americans (or relatively small pools of insured Americans) negotiate against entire countries?
Care comparisons between the UK and Switzerland or other European countries almost never include the huge difference in poverty between the two countries. Child and general poverty rates are almost always higher in the UK than in countries its health system is compared against.
Universal coverage is a two edged sword for the GOP. It's introduction would take a no win argument for them off the table but at the same time it would represent the falling of the last wall against a European social democratic state. Once you have universal healthcare, SS and unemployment what's left. Perhaps most important of all it will lock in place a massive new national fixed cost that will leave less resources to be spent on pork or more bombs. They can't live with that philosophically or physically.
Also, is Regina Herzlinger under the employ of the Atlantic now? Curious since this piece more or less identically appeared at the Corner at National Review last month: http://corner.nationalreview.com/post/?q=ZWM0MDc3MWJkZDE5YjNkMjgzYTIxYjBkODFmNGQyMTk=
Nice straw man argument...single payer isn't even on the drawing board!?
(And just to defend 'rationing of care' in the UK for a second - the one that parallels the system used to treat America's veterans - at least it doesn't abandon 15% of the population)
The Republicans could never achieve 'universal coverage' (which I would assume means 100%) because they can't even say the word 'mandate' without convulsing.
In their latest non-budget budget (the one with no actual numbers) they harped on about 'universal' health care, but what they're actually talking about is 'universal access' (which President Bush asserted everyone already has...since any American can limp into the ER and demand treatment).
Your suggestion also completely ignores the 'uninsurable' - i.e. those with pre-existing conditions. Without making the pool large enough through a mandate, the insurance companies out there will fight any such demand to treat the 'uninsurable' tooth-and-nail.
McCain tried to run on a platform of dismantling the employer based system...except he would only provide a tax credit worth $5,000 (less than half your stated figure of $12,000). It got heavily criticized then, and I sincerely doubt that there are many more generous elected Republicans out there.
Obama and the Dems in Congress are not advocating single-payer - although that is the straw man this article and Republicans in Congress like to bloviate about.
They are broadly advocating a system where technological improvements are made to improve care across the board, which demands coverage for everyone, and which offers an alternative government pool for those who struggle to afford healthcare elsewhere (perhaps on a model similar to Medicare - which I remind readers has only roughly 2% administrative costs and which is in its current state thanks to a bloated prescription drugs reform instituted by Bush and long-term fiscal irresponsibility).
I sincerely doubt that Republicans in Congress have got the guts and/or the actual desire to subsidize the healthcare system, or institute a mandate for coverage.
They've been pushing the horror-story about the road to socialized medicine for so long that they actually believe it. Any claim to 'universal' coverage is just an attempt to diguise the same old ineffective solutions.
Thank you Alchemy!
I was feeling deja vu as I read this. It's good to know plagiarism is alive and well.
The Atlantic should address this quicker than the NYT.